October 30, 2008
The consumer group Public Citizen has petitioned the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to institute an immediate ban of the diabetes drug
Avandia. The group says the drug is dangerous and can cause death from
liver failure and many other life-threatening risks.
New research released by Public Citizen about the drug, used to treat Type 2 diabetes, comes as a working group with representatives from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, unanimously advised against using Avandia, whose generic name is rosiglitazone, because of their concerns about the drug's risks.
This statement appears in the newly published issue of Diabetes Care, the ADA's peer-reviewed medical journal. Despite a significant decrease in its use since publication of a study linking it to increased risk of heart attacks, approximately 10,000 prescriptions a day are still filled for Avandia, which is sold by Glaxo-SmithKline.
The FDA issued a safety alert for Avandia in May 2007.
Public Citizen said it has identified 14 cases of Avandia-induced liver failure, including 12 deaths. The group said the cases were derived from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System after careful review of the agency's MedWatch forms, which are submitted to the agency when adverse drug reactions are suspected.
Liver toxicity is only the most recently noted danger linked to Avandia; Public Citizen has encouraged diabetes sufferers to avoid taking the drug because it increases the risk of heart attack approximately 40 percent, doubles the risk of heart failure and bone fractures, and increases the risk of anemia and vision loss from macular edema, a swelling of the retina caused by fluids accumulating in the eye.
There were 39 times more reports of macular edema per million prescriptions filled for Avandia than for an older diabetes drug, glipizide.
Avandia prescriptions fell sharply following a May 2007 study published in The New England Journal of Medicine connecting the drug with increased heart attack risk. In 2006, the number of people taking the drug peaked at 13.2 million. Since then, that number has dropped to 4.6 million for the last full year. This means that about 10,000 prescriptions a day are still being filled for this dangerous drug.
"The scientific consensus against Avandia is overwhelming," said Dr. Sidney Wolfe, director of Public Citizen's Health Research Group. "The timing of these findings should give the FDA the momentum it needs to act swiftly to prevent further needless deaths and health damage by banning this drug."
The group says safer, more effective drugs for Type 2 diabetes include metformin (brand name Glucophage) and glipizide (brand name Glucotrol). Pioglitazone (sold as Actos), a drug in the same family as Avandia, is not recommended, as it shares most of Avandia's toxicities except for the risk of heart attack and the ADA does not number it among the preferred therapies for most diabetics.
