More than one-third of the U.S. population lives in hazard-prone areas, but only one percent of its land area ranks in the highest disaster-related mortality risk category, a new study finds.
The Columbia University Center for Hazards and Risk Research (CHRR) study attempts to provide a framework for thinking about (and preparing for) future catastrophes.
Noting that the tsunami that struck Southeast Asia the day after Christmas last year and left 200,000 to 300,000 people dead and two million in poverty has lent new urgency to disaster research, researchers gathered data showing which parts of the world have been most ravaged by nature - floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, volcanoes and landslides - over the past 25 years.
The research is also helping to identify areas, like Siberia and north-central Canada, where the dangers of natural disasters are the smallest, says CHRR.
Among the findings:
• Approximately 20 percent of the Earth's land surface is
exposed to at least one of the natural hazards
evaluated while 160 countries have more than one quarter of
their population in areas of high mortality risk from one or
more hazards.
• More than 90 countries have more than 10 percent of their
population in areas of high mortality risk from two
or more hazards.
• Taiwan may be the place on Earth most vulnerable to natural
hazards, with 73 percent of its land and population
exposed to three or more hazards;
• More than 90 percent of the populations of Bangladesh,
Nepal, the Dominican Republic, Burundi, Haiti, Taiwan,
Malawi, El Salvador, and Honduras live in areas at high
relative risk of death from two or more hazards.
Poorer countries in the developing world are more likely to have difficulty absorbing repeated disaster-related losses and costs associated with disaster relief, recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
The complete report is available at http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/news/2005/03_29_05.htm.
